1.Promote tea tree cutting rooting
Naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) before insertion use 60-100mg/L liquid to soak the cutting base for 3-4h, in order to improve the effect, can also use α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 50mg/L+ IBA 50mg/L concentration of the mixture, or α mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium) 100mg/L+ vitamin B, 5mg/L of the mixture.
Pay attention to the use: strictly grasp the soaking time, too long time will cause defoliation; Naphthylacetic acid (sodium) has the side effect of inhibiting the growth of stems and branches above ground, and it is best to mix with other rooting agents.
Before inserting IBA, soak 20-40mg/L of liquid medicine on the base of the cuttings 3-4 cm long for 3h. However, IBA is easily decomposed by light, and the medicine should be packed in black and stored in a cool and dry place.
Tea tree varieties with 50% naphthalene · ethyl indole root powder 500 mg/L, varieties with easy rooting 300-400 mg/L root powder or dip for 5s, place for 4-8h, and then cut. It could promote early root onset, 14d earlier than control. The number of roots increased, 18 more than the control; The survival rate was 41.8% higher than that of control. The dry weight of young roots was increased by 62.5%. The plant height was 15.3 cm higher than the control. After treatment, the survival rate reached almost 100%, and the rate of nursery production increased by 29.6%. Total output increased by 40 per cent.
2.Promote the initiation of tea buds
The stimulation effect of gibberellin is mainly that it can promote cell division and elongation, thus promoting bud germination, stimulating and accelerating shoot growth. After spraying, the dormant buds were stimulated to germinate rapidly, the number of buds and leaves increased, the number of leaves was reduced, and the retention of tender was good. According to the experiment of the Tea Science Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the density of new shoots increased by 10%-25% compared with the control, spring tea generally increased by about 15%, summer tea increased by about 20%, and autumn tea increased by about 30%.
The use concentration should be appropriate, generally 50-100 mg/L is more appropriate, every 667m⊃2; Spray 50kg of liquid medicine on the whole plant. Spring temperature is low, the concentration can be appropriately high; Summer, autumn temperature is higher, the concentration should be appropriately low, according to local experience, master bud a leaf initial spray effect is good, low temperature season can be sprayed all day, high temperature season should be carried out in the evening, to facilitate tea tree absorption, give full play to its efficacy.
Leaf petiole injection of 10-40mg/L gibberellic acid can break the dormancy of unbranched young tea trees, and tea trees grow 2-4 leaves by mid-February, while control tea trees do not begin to grow leaves until early March.
Use note: can not be mixed with alkaline pesticides, fertilizers, and mixed with 0.5% urea or 1% ammonium sulfate effect is better; Strict application concentration, each tea season should only be sprayed once, and after spraying to strengthen fertilizer and water management; The effect of gibberellin in tea body is about 14 days. Therefore, it is appropriate to pick tea with 1 bud and 3 leaves; Gibberellin should be used with it.
3.Promote the growth of tea buds
After spraying with 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate, the tea plant showed a variety of physiological effects. First, the distance between buds and leaves was extended, and the bud weight was increased, which was 9.4% higher than the control. Second, the germination of adventitious buds was stimulated, and the germination density was increased by 13.7%. The third is to increase chlorophyll content, improve photosynthesis capacity, and green leaf color. According to the two-year average test, spring tea increased by 25.8%, summer tea increased by 34.5%, autumn tea increased by 26.6%, the average annual increase of 29.7%. The dilution ratio commonly used in tea gardens is 5000 times, each 667m⊃2; Spray 12.5mL of liquid with 50kg of water. Ridging of tea buds before germination in each season can promote early axillary buds. However, the early use of spring tea has more economic value, if sprayed at the beginning of a bud and a leaf, the absorption capacity of tea trees is strong, and the effect of increasing production is obvious. Spring tea is generally sprayed about 2 times, summer and autumn tea can be combined with pest control and pesticide mixed, evenly sprayed on the positive and back of the leaves, wet without dripping is moderate, to achieve two effects of insect control and promote growth.
Note: When using, do not exceed the concentration; If it rains within 6h after spraying, re-spraying should be done; Spray droplets should be fine to enhance the adhesion, spray the front and back of the blade evenly, no dripping is the best; The stock solution should be stored in a cool place away from light.
4.Inhibit tea seed formation
Tea trees are cultivated for the purpose of picking more shoots, so the application of growth regulators to control the growth of fruits and promote the growth of buds and leaves is an effective way to increase tea yield. The action mechanism of ethephon on tea plant is to promote the activity of the lamellar cells in the flower stalk and fruit stalk to achieve the purpose of shedding. According to the experiment of the Department of Tea of Zhejiang Agricultural University, the fall rate of flowers is about 80% after spraying about 15d. Due to the reduction of fruit consumption of nutrients in the next year, tea production can be increased by 16.15%, and the general spray concentration is more appropriate to 800-1000 mg/L. Since the release of ethylene molecules is accelerated with the increase of temperature, the concentration should be appropriately reduced when the bud is small, the tissue is growing vigorously or the temperature is high, and the concentration should be appropriately high when most of the flowers have opened and the growth is slow or the temperature is low. From October to November, spraying was carried out, and the effect of increasing yield was the best.
Ethephon spray concentration should not exceed the amount, otherwise it will cause abnormal leaf litter, and the amount of leaf litter will increase with the increase of concentration. In order to reduce defoliation, ethephon mixed with 30-50mg/L gibberellin spray has a significant effect on leaf preservation, and does not affect the effect of bud thinning. When spraying should be selected cloudy days or late night is appropriate, requiring no rain within 12h of application.
5.Speed up seed formation
Seed propagation is one of the important methods of tea seedling breeding. The application of plant growth substances such as α-mononaphthalene acetic acid (sodium), gibberellin, etc., can promote seed germination, developed roots, fast growth and strong, early nursery.
a Monaphthylacetic acid (sodium) Tea seeds soaked in 10-20mg/L naphthylacetic acid (sodium) for 48h, and then washed with water after sowing, can be unearthed about 15d earlier, and the full seedling stage is 19-25d earlier.
The germination rate of tea seeds can be accelerated by soaking the seeds in 100mg/L gibberellin solution for 24h.
6.Increase the yield of tea
The yield of fresh leaves of tea tree with 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate water depends on germination density and bud weight. The results showed that the germination density of tea plants treated with 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate water increased by more than 20% compared with the control. The length of shoots, the weight of shoots and the weight of one bud and three leaves were obviously better than that of the control. The yield increase effect of 1.8% compound sodium nitrophenolate water is excellent, and the yield increase effect of different concentrations is best with 6000 times the liquid, usually 3000-6000 times the liquid.
1.8% sodium nitrophenolate water can be used as a common variety of tea plants in tea areas. Use concentration of 3000-6000 times liquid is appropriate, 667m⊃2; Spray liquid volume 50-60kg. At present, low-capacity spray in tea areas is more popular, and when mixed with insecticides, it is recommended that the dose of 1.8% sodium nitrophenolate water should not exceed 5mL per backpack of water. If the concentration is too high, it will inhibit the growth of tea bud and affect the yield of tea. The number of spraying times in a tea season should be determined according to the specific growth of the tea tree. If there are still more small bud heads on the canopy after picking, it can be sprayed again, so as to ensure the increase of production in the whole season.
Brassinolide 0.01% of brassinolide diluted 5000 times liquid spray can promote the growth of tea tree buds and leaves, increase the germination density, increase the yield of buds and leaves, and can also increase the yield of fresh leaves by 17.8% and dry tea by 15%.
The flowering and fruiting of Ethephon tea plants consume a lot of nutrients and energy, and spraying 800 mg/L of ethephon from late September to November can greatly reduce the fruit and flowers.
Both B9 and B9 can enhance reproductive growth, increase the fruit setting rate and fruit yield of tea trees, which has application prospects for improving some tea tree varieties with low seed setting rate and tea gardens for the purpose of collecting tea seeds. Treatment with 1000mg/L, 3000mg/L B9, 250mg/L and 500mg/L B9 can increase tea fruit yield by 68%-70%.
Gibberellin promotes cell division and elongation. It was found that after the treatment of gibberellin, the dormant buds of tea tree germinated rapidly, the bud head increased, the leaves were relatively reduced, and the tea tender retention was good, which created conditions for increasing the yield and improving the quality of tea. The use of gibberellin in each season of tea bud and leaf initial period with 50-100mg/L for foliar spray, pay attention to the temperature, generally low temperature can be applied all day, high temperature more in the evening.
7.Chemical flower removal
Too many seeds at the end of autumn will consume nutrients, hinder the growth of new leaves and buds in the next spring, and nutrient consumption affects the yield and quality of tea in the next year, and artificial flower picking is very laborious, so chemical methods have become a development trend.
Ethylene using ethephon for chemical flower removal, a large number of buds fall off, the number of flowering seeds is less, the accumulation of nutrients is more, which is conducive to increasing the yield of tea, and saving labor and cost.
General varieties with 500-1000 mg/L ethephon liquid, each 667m⊃2; Using 100-125kg to evenly spray the whole tree at the blooming stage, and then spray once at an interval of 7-10d, is conducive to increasing the yield of tea. However, the concentration of treatment should be strictly controlled, and too high the concentration of ethephon will lead to falling leaves, which is unfavorable to growth and yield. It is recommended to determine the period and dosage of use according to the local conditions, varieties and climate, and the use time should be selected in the period when the temperature has gradually decreased, the camellia has opened, and the leaves have been set. In the late autumn season, in October to November in Zhejiang, the concentration of the agent can not exceed 1000mg/L, the concentration of the bud stage can be slightly lower, and the concentration of the mountain cold tea area can be slightly higher.
8.Enhance cold resistance of tea plant
Cold damage is one of the important problems affecting production in high mountain tea area and northern tea area, which often leads to reduced production and even death. The use of plant growth regulators can reduce leaf surface transpiration, or promote the aging of new shoots, improve the degree of lignification, and enhance the cold resistance or resistance of tea trees to a certain extent.
Ethephon sprayed with 800mg/L in late October can inhibit the regrowth of tea trees in late autumn and enhance cold resistance.
Spraying 250mg/L of the solution in late September can promote the growth of tea trees to stop in advance, which is conducive to good growth of spring shoots in the second winter.
9.Adjust the tea picking period
The elongation of shoots of tea plants in the spring tea period has a strong synchronous response, resulting in the concentration of spring tea in the peak period, and the contradiction between harvesting and production is prominent. The use of gibberellin and some growth regulators can enhance the activity of A-amylase and protease, so as to enhance the synthesis and transformation of protein and sugar, accelerate cell division and elongation, accelerate the growth rate of tea tree, and make new shoots grow in advance; The principle that some growth regulators can inhibit cell division and elongation is also used as a blocker to delay the flood peak period, thereby regulating the tea picking period and alleviating the contradiction in the use of manual tea picking labor.
If 100mg/L of gibberellin is sprayed evenly, spring tea can be mined 2-4d in advance and summer tea 2-4d in advance.
Alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (sodium) is sprayed with 20mg/L of liquid medicine, which can be picked 2-4d in advance.
The spray of 25mg/L ethephon solution can make spring tea sprout 3d in advance.
Post time: May-16-2024