Lambda-cyhalothrin, also known as cyhalothrin and kungfu cyhalothrin, was successfully developed by the A. R. Jutsum team in 1984. Its mechanism of action is to change the permeability of the insect nerve membrane, inhibit the conduction of the insect nerve axon, destroy the neuron function by interacting with the sodium ion channel, make the poisoned insect overexcited, paralyzed and die, and can quickly knock down the pest. Lambda-cyhalothrin has the characteristics of broad insecticidal spectrum, high activity and long duration of effect, and is suitable for pest control of crops such as wheat, corn, fruit trees, cotton, cruciferous vegetables, etc.
1 Basic situation
高效氯氟氰菊酯 English name: Lambda-cyhalothrin; Molecular formula: C23H19ClF3NO3; Boiling point: 187～190℃/0.2 mmHg; CAS No: 91465-08-633.
The product structure is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Structural formula of beta-cyhalothrin
2 Toxicity and control targets
Beta-cyhalothrin has contact killing and stomach poisoning effects, and also has a certain avoidance effect and no systemic effect. It has a good control effect on chewing mouthpart pests such as Lepidoptera larvae and some Coleoptera beetles, and can also be used for the control of piercing-sucking mouthpart pests such as pear psyllium. The main control objects of beta-cyhalothrin are midges, armyworms, corn borers, beet armyworms, heartworms, leaf rollers, armyworms, swallowtail butterflies, fruit armyworms, cotton bollworms, red bollworms, cabbage caterpillars, etc. In grassland, grassland and dry field crops, it can prevent and control grass borer, etc. Use seasons in various regions of the world: China, mainly from March to August; South/North America, from March to May and September to December; Southeast Asia, from December to May; Europe, from March to May and September to December moon.
3 Synthesis process and main intermediates
(1) Synthesis of trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid chloride
Trifluorochlorochrysanthemum acid (Kung fu acid) reacts with thionyl chloride, desolubilizes and rectifies to obtain trifluorochlorochrysanthemic acid chloride.
(2) Synthesis of chlorofluorocyanide crude oil
Chlorofluroyl chloride, m-phenoxybenzaldehyde (ether aldehyde) and sodium cyanide are synthesized to obtain chlorofluorocyanide crude oil under the action of catalyst.
(3) Synthesis of beta-cyhalothrin
Under the action of organic amines, the crude chlorofluorocyanide undergoes epimerization to generate beta-cyhalothrin.
4 Domestic market situation
According to the China Pesticide Information Network query, as of May 20, 2022, the number of alpha-cyhalothrin technical registrations was 45, and the registered contents were 81%, 95%, 97%, 96%, and 98%. Among them, registrations with 95%, 96%, and 98% content accounted for a large proportion.
According to the China Pesticide Information Network query, as of May 20, 2022. The domestic registration data of beta-cyhalothrin preparations show that there are single-dose mixtures, of which 621 are single-dose and 216 are compounded. Single dose: 621 registered, the main preparations are 2.5%, 2.7%, 5%, 25g/L microemulsion, 5%, 10%, 25g/L, 2.5% water emulsion, 5%, 2.5%, 25% g/L, 50 g/L EC, 25%, 10%, 2.5% WP, 2.5%, 10%, 25 g/L microcapsule suspension, etc. Compounding mixtures: 216 registered, mainly with Acitretin, Acitrate, Thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Phoxim, Triazophos, Dextromethrin, Pymetrozine and other products compound. The main dosage forms are: 2%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 22%, 44% aqueous emulsion, 16%, 20%, 25%, 26% EC, 15%, 22%, 30% suspending agent, 2% , 5%, 10%, 12%, 30% microemulsion, 2%, 4% granules, 4.5%, 22%, 24%, 30% wettable powder, etc.
5 Overseas market situation
5.1 Registration of overseas preparations
The main single doses registered are 25 g/L, 50 g/L, 2.5% EC, 2.5%, 10% WP.
The main mixtures are: beta-cyhalothrin 9.4% + thiamethoxam 12.6% microcapsule suspension, beta-cyhalothrin 1.7% + abamectin 0.3% EC, thiamethoxam 14.1% + high-efficiency chlorofluorocarbon Cypermethrin 10.6% suspending agent, Acetamiprid 2% + Beta-cyhalothrin 1.5% EC.
5.2 China’s exports
From 2015 to 2019, a total of 582 companies exported high-efficiency cyhalothrin technical and preparation products, and the export volume of the top ten companies accounted for 45% of the total export volume (5-year accumulation). The top ten companies are listed in Table 2.
The average export volume of technical materials is 2,400 tons/year, and the peak export volume is 3,000 tons/year. The export volume has increased year by year from 2015 to 2019. The average export volume of physical preparations is 14,800 tons/year, and the peak export volume is 17,000 tons (2017), and then the export volume is stable; the average export volume of preparations is 460 tons/year, and the highest is 515 tons/year.
From 2015 to 2019, the technical and preparation products of cyhalothrin were exported to 77 markets. The top five markets were the United States, Belgium, India, Argentina, and Pakistan. The top five markets accounted for 57% of China’s total exports. (5 years cumulative).
6 Latest market trends
According to media sources, on May 7, 2022, local time, a factory of Indian agrochemical company Bharat Rasayan, which mainly produces pyrethroid products and related intermediates, caught fire after a boiler explosion.
India is one of the major non-patent pesticide producers in the world, among which the production capacity of the key intermediates of pyrethroid products, methyl betinate and ether aldehyde, is relatively high. In 2021, Bharat Rasayan will export a total of more than 6,000 tons of pesticide technical drugs, preparations and intermediates, of which 61% are technical drugs, 13% preparations and 26% intermediates (mainly pyrethroid intermediates). As an important intermediate for synthesizing pyrethroid pesticides, ether aldehyde has an annual domestic demand of about 6,000 tons, of which nearly half needs to be purchased from India.
Since the domestic market for cyhalothrin is nearing its end, and the Indian company is not the main enterprise that produces alpha-cyhalothrin-related intermediates such as ether aldehydes, the impact on the domestic market is relatively small, and it is mainly necessary to pay attention to the recent export. Quotes.
Post time: Jun-08-2022