Florfenicol, a synthetic monofluorinated derivative of thiamphenicol, is a new broad-spectrum antibacterial drug of chloramphenicol for veterinary use, which was successfully developed in the late 1980s.
In the case of frequent diseases, many pig farms use florfenicol frequently to prevent or treat pig diseases. No matter what kind of disease, no matter what group or stage, some farmers use super-dose of florfenicol to treat or prevent disease. Florfenicol is not a panacea. It must be used reasonably to achieve the desired effect. The following is a detailed introduction to the common sense of the use of florfenicol, hoping to help everyone:
1. Antibacterial properties of florfenicol
(1) Florfenicol is an antibiotic drug with a broad antibacterial spectrum against various Gram-positive and negative bacteria and mycoplasma. Sensitive bacteria include bovine and porcine Haemophilus, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Pneumococcus, Influenza bacillus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Chlamydia, Leptospira, Rickettsia, etc. better inhibitory effect.
(2) In vitro and in vivo tests show that its antibacterial activity is significantly better than that of current antibacterial drugs, such as thiamphenicol, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ampicillin and currently widely used quinolones.
(3) Quick-acting, florfenicol can reach therapeutic concentration in blood 1 hour after intramuscular injection, and peak drug concentration can be reached in 1.5-3 hours; long-acting, effective blood drug concentration can be maintained for more than 20 hours after one administration.
(4) It can penetrate the blood-brain barrier, and its therapeutic effect on animal bacterial meningitis is not comparable to that of other antibacterial drugs.
(5) It has no toxic and side effects when used in the recommended amount, overcomes the danger of aplastic anemia and other toxicity caused by thiamphenicol, and will not cause harm to animals and food. It is used for infections of various parts of the body caused by bacteria in animals. Treatment of pigs, including the prevention and treatment of bacterial respiratory diseases, meningitis, pleurisy, mastitis, intestinal infections and postpartum syndrome in pigs.
2. Susceptible bacteria of florfenicol and preferred florfenicol swine disease
(1) Pig diseases where florfenicol is preferred
This product is recommended as the drug of choice for swine pneumonia, porcine infectious pleuropneumonia and Haemophilus parasuis disease, especially for the treatment of bacteria resistant to fluoroquinolones and other antibiotics.
(2) Florfenicol can also be used for the treatment of the following swine diseases
It can also be used to treat respiratory diseases caused by various Streptococcus (pneumonia), Bordetella bronchiseptica (atrophic rhinitis), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (swine asthma), etc.; salmonellosis (piglet paratyphoid), colibacillosis (piglet asthma) Digestive tract diseases such as enteritis caused by yellow diarrhea, white diarrhea, piglet edema disease) and other sensitive bacteria. Florfenicol can be used for the treatment of these swine diseases, but it is not the drug of choice for these swine diseases, so it should be used with caution.
3. Improper use of florfenicol
(1) The dose is too large or too small. Some mixed feeding doses reach 400 mg/kg, and injection doses reach 40-100 mg/kg, or even higher. Some are as small as 8~15mg/kg. Large doses are poisonous, and small doses are ineffective.
(2) The time is too long. Some long-term high-dose use of drugs without restraint.
(3) The use of objects and stages is wrong. Pregnant sows and fattening pigs use such drugs indiscriminately, causing poisoning or drug residues, resulting in unsafe production and food.
(4) Improper compatibility. Some people often use florfenicol in combination with sulfonamides and cephalosporins. Whether it is scientific and reasonable is worth exploring.
(5) Mixed feeding and administration are not evenly stirred, resulting in no effect of medication or drug poisoning.
4. The use of florfenicol precautions
(1) This product should not be combined with macrolides (such as tylosin, erythromycin, roxithromycin, tilmicosin, guitarmycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, etc.), lincosamide ( Such as lincomycin, clindamycin) and diterpenoid semi-synthetic antibiotics – Tiamulin combination, when combined can produce antagonistic effect.
(2) This product cannot be used in combination with β-lactone amines (such as penicillins, cephalosporins) and fluoroquinolones (such as enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, etc.), because this product is an inhibitor of bacterial protein Synthetic fast-acting bacteriostatic agent, the latter is a fast-acting bactericide during the breeding period. Under the action of the former, bacterial protein synthesis is rapidly inhibited, the bacteria stop growing and multiplying, and the bactericidal effect of the latter is weakened. Therefore, when the treatment needs to exert a rapid sterilization effect, it cannot be used together.
(3) This product cannot be mixed with sulfadiazine sodium for intramuscular injection. It should not be used in combination with alkaline drugs when administered orally or intramuscularly, so as to avoid decomposition and failure. It is also not suitable for intravenous injection with tetracycline hydrochloride, kanamycin, adenosine triphosphate, coenzyme A, etc., to avoid precipitation and decrease in efficacy.
(4) Muscle degeneration and necrosis may be caused after intramuscular injection. Therefore, it can be injected alternately in the deep muscles of the neck and buttocks, and it is not advisable to repeat injections at the same site.
(5) Because this product may have embryotoxicity, it should be used with caution in pregnant and lactating sows.
(6) When the body temperature of sick pigs is high, it can be used in combination with antipyretic analgesics and dexamethasone, and the effect is better.
(7) In the prevention and treatment of porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC), some people recommend the combined use of florfenicol and amoxicillin, florfenicol and tylosin, and florfenicol and tylosin. Appropriate, because from a pharmacological point of view, the two cannot be used in combination. However, florfenicol can be used in combination with tetracyclines such as doxycycline.
(8) This product has hematological toxicity. Although it will not cause irreversible bone marrow aplastic anemia, the reversible inhibition of erythropoiesis caused by it is more common than that of chloramphenicol (disabled). It is contraindicated in the vaccination period or animals with severe immunodeficiency.
(9) Long-term use may cause digestive disorders and vitamin deficiency or superinfection symptoms.
(10) In the prevention and treatment of swine disease, care should be taken, and the drug should be administered in accordance with the prescribed dosage and course of treatment, and should not be abused to avoid adverse consequences.
(11) For animals with renal insufficiency, the dose should be reduced or the administration interval should be extended.
(12) In case of low temperature, it is found that the dissolution rate is slow; or the prepared solution has precipitation of florfenicol, and it only needs to be slightly heated (not more than 45 ℃) to dissolve all quickly. The prepared solution is best used up within 48 hours.
Post time: Aug-09-2022